Rise and Shine, it's Helium and Helios

In Ancient mythology, Helios was the god of the sun. Usually depicted as a young man, the main duty of Helios was to drive a chariot (representing the sun) across the sky every day. In specific myths, Helios is depicted as an all-seeing deity who sometimes informs other Gods when he sees people going behind their backs. Overall, Helios is not the most influential or involved God in mythology, and his main responsibility is to regulate the rising and setting of the sun.  The element helium is claimed to be named for a variety of reasons, however, they all agree the name has either a Greek or Roman mythological or historical origin. Properties of helium in terms of abundance on Earth are similar to its abundance on the Sun, which is why I believe it is a fitting name for the element. Aside from straight chemistry, it is also logical to explain to someone why Helium was named without them having to know virtually anything about mythology. If I told a 6th grader that took Spanish (and didn't read Percy Jackson) "Hey guess what! The stuff that makes balloons float is called helium. Did you know that there is a Greek God named Helios? People thought he made the sun rise and set! Helium was named after helios!", they would probably look at me weird, and they might not understand. But maybe they would think of it later when they took chemistry class in high school and understand, which still says a lot about the plausibility of the connection between the myth and the element. In conclusion, I think if a kid around the age of sixteen can understand how an ancient myth relates to the name of a chemical on the periodic table, the relation between the two has to be pretty concrete. 

Abby Jackson

Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helios

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium

Cassiopeia Constellation

Cassiopeia is the mother of Andromeda, queen of Aethiopia, and wife of Cepheus. She was arrogant which eventually was what caused her doom. She has been called the daughter of Coronus and Zeuxo by some but also called a nymph by others. She boasted that her and her daughter Andromeda were  more beautiful than all the Nereids which made Poseidon the sea god angry. He wanted to destroy Aetheopia and in an attempt to save the kingdom she visited an oracle who said the only way would be to sacrifice Andromeda. Andromeda is chained to a rock at the edge of the sea to try and appease the gods but Perseus comes to save her and marry her. Poseidon thought that Cassiopeia should not go unpunished though so she was chained to a throne in the heavens in a way similar to how Andromeda was chained. The constellation used to be called Cassiopeia's Chair but was then changed to its full name being Cassiopeia the Queen in the 1930's. Her position in the sky is revolving around the north star so sometimes she is seen in an upside down position which sort of is a reference to how the gods chained her to a throne in the heavens to punish her so her being upside down is like part of the punishment from the gods. I believe that naming the constellation Cassiopeia was a good decision. The myth fits with her becoming a constellation because first, she was sent to the heavens by the gods. Since she was being punished their her constellation sometimes appearing upside down also fits in this use of the name. The constellations names also fit because of the punishment she was given and then when it was changed it became her role in the myth as the queen of Aethiopia.



Andrew Sincovec

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassiopeia_(mother_of_Andromeda)

https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/constellation-cassiopeia-the-queen-lady-of-the-chair-how-to-find-history-myth

Disney's Hercules

Who was Hercules?

• Hercules was a Roman hero and god. He was the son of Jupiter (Zeus) and the mortal Alcmene, which through many connections through Perseus, her grandfather, made Alcmene Zeus' great-granddaughter. He is known for his strength and numerous adventures and quests. We see some of those quests in the popular Disney movie, like the scene where he faces the creature that grew three more heads when one was cut off by Hercules. Hercules has a number of characteristics that modern pop culture picks and chooses from when representing him which is also seen in the comparison of the Disney movie and the actual legend of Hercules. 

Comparing Disney's Hercules

• I personally think that the movie was appropriate and correct for the age group that it was advertised to. In the movie, contradicting mythology, Hercules is the son of Zeus and Hera, when actually his mother was a mortal. This fact was appropriate to leave out because Jupiter and Alcmene's relationship was adulterous. The name Hercules is appropriate because it follows an adaption of his life that is appropriate for a younger audience. In Disney's Hercules many details of Hercules such as the constellation included. 

Maddy Collins

Citations

https://www.theoi.com/articles/who-was-hercules-father/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hercule

Juno Space Probe

Picture:


Description: Juno is the Roman goddess of marriage, and the queen of the gods. She is married to Jupiter, the king of the gods. She is the mother of Mars, and her sacred animal is the peacock.

Why the Name was Chosen: According to NASA, Jupiter "drew a veil of clouds around himself to hide his mischief. It was Jupiter's wife, the goddess Juno, who was able to peer through the clouds and reveal Jupiter's true nature."

Is the name fitting: I think that the name is well-chosen. The Juno spacecraft was designed to reveal the secrets of Jupiter, just as Juno was allegedly able to do in mythology. Given the mythological connection between Jupiter and Juno, I cannot think of a better name for the space probe (besides Deep Sea Vents obviously).

Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_(mythology)
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/main/index.html

Name: Connor Ramsey

Apollo Space Program

Apollo is the god of archery, poetry, healing, diseases, the sun, prophecy, music, and more. His twin sister is Artemis, and his parents are Zeus and Leto. He is the deity of Delphi, which means that the location of Delphi is to him as temples are to their respective gods. The name Apollo was chosen for the Apollo space programs for 2 reasons. The first was that there was a precedent for naming their projects after gods with Project Mercury. The other was that the god Apollo was related to space travel. He is the god of the sun, and it was said that Apollo would pull the sun using his golden chariot. In my opinion, Apollo is a good choice, but he is not the best choice for the name. Artemis is a better choice because she is the goddess of the moon instead of being the god of the sun. Apollo does make some sense because he pulls a celestial body, which is like how astronauts pulled themselves to a celestial body by riding in a rocket. However, I think the connection of Artemis as goddess of the moon works better because they are actually traveling to the moon.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_program, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo, https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4402/ch4.htm

Diego

The simpsons couch gag

The Simpsons is full of references to anything and everything. Mythology is not an exception. In one of the Simpsons couch gags, each member of the family is dressed as a greek god or goddess. Homer is dressed like Zeus, Marge like Hera, Lisa like Athena and Bart as Hermes. This small scene offers lots of mythology references.  Homer is the head of the house so he portrays Zeus the king of the Gods while Marge is his wife she portrays Hera. Lisa pops out of Homer/Zeus' head like Athena does in Mythology, reading Homer's Odyssey, an epic tale about mythology. Bart is sometimes seen as mischievous like Hermes while Lisa is always smart and wise like Athena.
https://simpsons.fandom.com/wiki/Greek_Gods_couch_gag
Finn Collins

Amazon

The company Amazon.com® is a reference to the mythological society, called the Amazons. The Amazons were a group of warrior women who were from the city of Themiskyra in the Black Sea. According to Homer, they fought as equally as men and were known to have met ancient heroes like Herakles, Bellerophon, and Theseus. They also were descendants of Ares, the god of war. Though there are many accounts and stories about them, the Amazons were not real.

Amazon.com® was originally a bookstore, but is now a global shipping service, e-book, and streaming online site. Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994, and was originally going to be called “Relentless” since that was the name of the domain he purchased. Instead, he named it “Amazon” because it sounded exotic and, like the river, he wanted his bookstore to be the biggest in the world. So Amazon,com® was not intentionally named after the Amazonians, but named after the Amazon River, which was named after the Amazons. Confusing right? The river was named by Spanish Expeditioners who had fought all women warriors while trying to conquer South America.

Personally, I think that the name for Amazon.com® is a bit misleading. Though the name may be a representation of resilience and fortitude, it is not a website that has anything to do with war or Greek mythology. There are better names that Jeff Bezos could’ve come up with. If he wanted to stick to the classical theme, Amazon could’ve been named Hermes/Mercury, after the god of traveling, mail, and commerce. It could’ve been also named after Athena/Minerva, the goddess of wisdom if Bezos wanted it to relate to books. He could've also named it Sahara after the largest desert in the world.

Sophie Pong

https://www.aboutamazon.com/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Amazon

https://www.ancient.eu/amazon/

Nike

Nike is the Greek goddess of victory. Her Roman name is “Victoria,” which is, obviously, where the word victory comes from. The winged goddess is usually depicted presenting laurel wreaths to heroes and athletes, sitting next to Zeus, or sacrificing victory bulls. Hesiod, an ancient Greek poet, described Nike as “‘beautiful-ankled”. Nike is also one of the most popular and most recognizable brands for sports apparel. When Nike was first established, they designed their logo first and could not decide on a name. Some of the options were Dimension Six, Peregrine, or Bengal. They were trying to find a name that “had no more than two syllables and at least one exotic letter or sound in them with a Z, X or K,” because that is what Runner’s World told them would raise the probability of their company becoming a popular brand. Johnson, one of Nike’s first employees, came up with the name Nike since it would associate the company for winners in sports with the Greek goddess of winning. Knight, the head of the company, did not like the name at first but liked it better than the other ones, so he thought he could just change it later. I think this is a good name because if somebody knows their Greek mythology, they would think Nike is the brand for winners (A good marketing tactic). While thinking of the name, Johnson may not have considered Hesiod’s description of the goddess, but given they design cool shoes and Nike is complimented on her ankles, it is mythologically accurate. Also, Nike was an important figure in the Greek sporting world, and Nike, the brand, is important in the modern sporting world. I appreciate it when a modern company incorporates an ancient myth into their brand correctly. However, their logo and slogan have no apparent connection to the Greek goddess; in my opinion, they should add Nike Greek mythology both to their slogan and logo so it connects to the name.

Charlotte Eades
https://www.ancient.eu/nike/
https://www.businessinsider.com/how-nike-got-its-name-2016-1

Narcissus

Narcissus admiring Narcissus

Narcissus was the son of the river-god Cephisus and the fountain-nymph Liriope. He was well known in his hometown of Thespiae for his handsomeness. Despite having many admirers he scoffed at them and tended to be by himself. His haughtiness would eventually lead to his demise. After Ameinias, was shunned by Narcissus he became so troubled that he killed himself, but not before calling on the goddess Nemesis for revenge on Narcissus. Nemesis then cursed Narcissus and he was made to fall in love with his reflection in a river. He immediately became obsessed with his reflection staring at it for so long that he began to grow weak. Eventually, he was transformed into a flower by the nymphs.

Malignant narcissism or Narcissistic personality disorder is diagnosed by displaying extreme and unhealthy self-interest and or admiration. A narcissist of this kind does everything to look better than others and to ensure to themselves that they are especially important because they actually have low self-esteem. While Narcissistic personality disorder is unhealthy there is a there is nothing wrong with healthy narcissism. Healthy narcissism is experienced by most people and can encourage positive behaviors such as hygiene and healthy dialogue. Everyone can experience negative narcissistic behavior. However, someone with Narcissistic personality disorder doesn't usually feel regret for any selfish acts they commit.


Narcissism was identified as a mental disorder by Havelock Ellis in 1898. It was named after Narcissus, because of his arrogant personality and how he fell in love with his self-image. Children go through a phase of Narcissism but it is only considered a disorder when it persists or reappears after puberty

Given Narcissus' story, this is the perfect name for the personality disorder. In the story his self-obsession leads to his death and the selfishness of a narcissist leads to their self-destruction in many ways as well.

 -Vincent Gaddis II

https://psychcentral.com/blog/the-difference-between-narcissism-narcissistic-personality-disorder/

https://www.theoi.com/Heros/Narkissos.html

https://psychcentral.com/lib/narcissistic-personality-disorder-vs-normal-narcissism/

https://www.britannica.com/science/narcissism

Habeas Corpus

Habeas corpus translates to "that you have the body". In a court of law habeas corpus is used as a term for bringing a detainee into the court room to determine if their sentence or ruling is fair. This term was first used in 1215 in the Magna Carta which said, "No man shall be arrested or imprisoned...except by the lawful judgment of his peers and by the law of the land." While the translation does not make perfect sense, it has been used for so long that it may have made sense back then. It is an amazing thing for peers to have a say in another peer's punishment, as having someone of the same authority as you weigh in seems far more fair.
-Alyssa Norman
https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/habeas_corpus

Abby Jackson - Malum In Se

Malum In Se

The phrase "malum in se" is a legal classification used to describe crimes that are morally wrong regardless of what the law says. Translating "wrong in itself", crimes that are malum in se include things like theft, adultery, murder, and rape; things that go past violations of statutes such as traffic laws and other things that are forbidden by policy rather than morality. The Latin term "malum in se" is much better than saying "wrong in itself" in English. I believe the Latin has a more serious tone, while the English translation has more than one interpretation and may not get your point across. If you say something is wrong in itself, you will most likely sound either confusing or redundant. If you describe something to be malum in se, you will sound more serious and more accurate. I feel that it is a good thing for our legal system to differenciate crimes based on wether or not they are malum in se, because persecution should definetly not be the same for someone who gets a parking ticket and someone who commits murder. Crimes that are malum in se are, in my opinion, less forgiveable and should be treated differently than less signifigant crimes. the phrase "malum in se" reflects the seriousness of the crimes it describes, which is why I think it is a good classification to have within our legal system.

Abby Jackson

Source:
https://definitions.uslegal.com/m/malum-in-se/

Quid pro quo Cooper Buss

Cooper Buss
HB CKB
Dr. Morgan
9/27/19
A4


Quid pro Quo means this for that, and implies that this and that are specific objects(physical or non
physical) that are being traded for each other. This is used in a court environment, and is usually used to determine the reasonings behind a court case. The judge uses quid pro use to determine if some crimes are legal. As an example, if Jeff gave Cindy three apples, and Cindy gave  Jeff a emerald, then the quid pro quo would make sense. Because of this, a judge will look in to specific details to to why Cindy would give Jeff a emerald for only three apples. By doing so, a judge might find out that there was a contract involved between Cindy and Jeff that Cindy did not read properly. Quid pro quo is important because it is a place holder word that people in court can use to determine the motives of the defendant and the plaintiff. Because of this, I think that the Unit States should still use this word in our legal system


Sources
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/quid-pro-quo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quid_pro_quo